Australian Possums: Types, Differences & Identification Guide

Australia is home to over 27 species of possums and gliders, ranging from the common brushtail seen (and heard) in suburban backyards at night, to the tiny lesser-known pygmy possums.

This illustrated guide introduces the main types of possums found across Australia, how to tell them apart, where they live, and their conservation status, highlighting which species are thriving and which are under threat. It also includes selected Indigenous names that reflect their deeper cultural presence.

Rather than presenting a full taxonomy, the goal was to create a visual reference that helps people recognise and differentiate possums in everyday contexts.

About this visual

This piece was designed as an experiment in communicating biodiversity through visual structure rather than text-heavy explanation.

The focus was on simplifying complex ecological information, using colour and layout to guide interpretation, and balancing scientific accuracy with accessibility. Overall, I wanted to create a format that works for both casual viewers and deeper exploration.

Design elements include:

• Colours represent different groups (gliders, brushtails, ringtails, pygmy possums)

• Icons indicate conservation status (from least concern to critically endangered)

• Annotations highlight key traits such as diet, habitat, and behaviour

Key differences between possums

Even though they’re often grouped together, Australian possums vary significantly in terms of size, movement, habitat, and diet. These differences explain why some species are more commonly seen than others.

Common possums you’re likely to see

The possums most Australians encounter are:

• Common brushtail possum — widespread, adaptable, and often found in urban areas

• Common ringtail possum — smaller, with a curled tail, often nesting in gardens

• Sugar glider — a small gliding possum found in forests and woodlands

These species are often confused, but can be distinguished by tail shape, size, and behaviour.

Conservation snapshot

While some possums thrive in urban environments, others are more vulnerable. At risk species like the Greater glider and Leadbeater’s possum are majorly impacted by habitat loss.